AVL Racetech of Graz, Austria on October 11, 2023 announced proof of concept of their 430 HP 2-liter Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine

https://hydrogentoday.info/en/avl-hydrogen-engine-austria

While this is an extraordinary accomplishment, well deserving of international recognition, extending to the ordinary automotive sector raises the same issues as electric vehicles: lack of hydrogen refueling infrastructure and range anxiety.

To address this serious problem, a solute ion monopole motor (SIMM) and generator can be positioned onboard an automotive vehicle equipped with an AVL Racetech H2 combustion engine to power an electrolyzer which can recycle engine exhaust which should be pure distilled water, so no hydrogen refueling stations should be necessary, thereby eliminating infrastructure and driving range problems.

See FIG. 1 and following website:

Nano-Graphene Oxide Coated Electrolyzers Supplied Distilled Water and Power via Solute Ion Linear Alignment (SILA) Ion Beams & Monopole Motor (SIMM) and Phosphorus Recovery for Agriculture

Note that the SIMM Generator also can be used independently to power motors at the wheels of a vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 2, as necessary, solute ion linear alignment (SILA) can be utilized on board the vehicle to create distilled water from fresh or salt water..
.
Solute Ion Coulomb Force Monopole Motor (SIMM) is based on capacitive deionization, a commercially available technology where ions are collected at electrode surfaces via a voltage less than the barrier voltage, e.g., 1.0-1.5 Volts, where relatively purified water is formed in the space between the electrodes.

Therefore, ions in the intake water accumulate on the electrode surfaces and are surrounded and captured at electrode surfaces so as to form electric field monopoles, either positive or negative, depending on charge of ions captured.

By arranging rotor monopoles around a shaft to interface with stator monopoles of the same charge, extremely powerful repulsion forces can be formed between stator and rotor monopoles to rotate the shaft.

SIMM is based on Coulomb's Law as best illustrated in this Hyperphysics website by Georgia State University:

Electric forces

See the Electric Force Example on the second sheet: 900,000 metric tons of repulsion!!!

This is from 1 coulomb of charge repelling 1 coulomb of charge 1 meter apart. 1 coulomb is about 6 x 10E+18 ions that are single charge such as sodium and chlorine.

For sodium chloride in water to create the monopoles for the SIMM, there are 23.5 grams/mol of sodium or 23.5 grams/(6 x 10E+23 ions) so 1 coulomb 6 x 10E+18 ions is an extremely small amount of mass.

A repulsion force of 900,000 metric tons from monopoles 1 meter apart is not required to create a motor to operate a DC generator to power the DC motors of an electric vehicle.

Even assuming a dielectric constant e for water of about 81 in the denominator of Coulomb's Law: F+(k/e)(q1xq2)/r^2 where k = 9 x 10^9 q1 and q2 are amount of charge causing repulsion in coulombs r = distance in meters separating the monopoles only an extremely small amount of charged ions such as sodium or chlorine is required.